Saturday, November 30, 2019

My Friend Is You by Kate Nash free essay sample

After purchasing the new Kate Nash album, ‘My Best Friend is You’, I hurried with glee to listen. I hoped that the fascinating and captivating songs that I had grown to love from her first album were just a taster of what was to come, and I was not disappointed. Her story like songs, filled with imagination and a conversational like tone is like listening to an old friend. Her descriptive retelling of everything that goes through her mind makes the listener feel so engaged and involved you feel as if she were in the room with you. The first half of the album is definitely the more new and original compared to the second half which resorts to the shouting and repetition of her earlier work. Controversial track ‘Mansion Song’ does give the album a darkened edge; I must admit that I felt a little uncomfortable listening to it. However, it does carry with it a strong message, along with many of her other songs. We will write a custom essay sample on My Friend Is You by Kate Nash or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many hits will be made from this, only Nash’s second work of art, including the hypnotic ‘Paris’ and ‘Kiss that Grrrl’. This is undoubtedly an album not to be missed, and I have a feeling Kate will continue to be my best friend for a very long time.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Punjab National Bank Information Systems Essays

Punjab National Bank Information Systems Essays Punjab National Bank Information Systems Essay Punjab National Bank Information Systems Essay INDEXPAGE INTODUCTION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY3 DEFINITION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY3 COMPANY PROFILE Profile 4 Vision and Mission 4 INFORMATION SYSTEM IN PNB PNB IT Setup * IT Setup4 * Network Design4 * Storage5 * WAN amp; Connectivity5 * Security Systems5 * Hardware amp; Software Resources6 Organizations Other Computing Resource * Payroll TPS6 * Online Assistance7 * Account Opening – MIS7 * SPNS, RTGS 7 * Mobile Alert Service7 Cloud Computing8 Recommendations9 References10 Introduction Development of Information technology is showing its importance for development in all the sectors across. Information technology in recent years showed a complete revolution in how information is collected, stored/managed and used in both business and government around the world. The world and the workplace has been changed from working on paper documents which always face the problem of errors and delays, to the world of computers and information technology where work is carried out in its own way with accuracy and on time. Information technology can be even used to interconnect different systems for the purpose to share and exchange information in the organisation for everyone’s use. mcst. gov. mv/Downloads/Documents/Samp;T/Part2-03Information_Technology. pdf ) Definition of Information Technology. Information technology system refers to all the hardware and software that are used in the organisation may be any industry to operate different functions such as store-manage the information, retrieve and control the stored information. At the lowest level organisations have the net working tools and servers with an operating system. Database and web serving software are installed on these servers. These networking tools help to connect all the database to each other and also to all the users in need who have their personal hardware, operating system, and software tools. ( mariosalexandrou. com/definition/information-technology. asp ) PUNJAB NATIONAL BANK (PNB) 1. A professionally established and managed bank with a successful track record of over 110 years. 2. It is the Largest branch network in India of 4668 Offices including 432 Extension Counters all across the country 3. Business covers all the main cities including the metro-politant one’s. 4. Strong hold in the banking relationships with over 217 international banks of the globe. 5. Many well-known international banks maintain their Rupee Accounts with PNB. Vision To be a Leading Global Bank with Pan India footprints and become a household brand in the Indo-Gangetic Plains providing entire range of financial products and services under one roof Mission Banking for the unbanked IT SETUP in PNB. PNB has a huge number of applications running on its network like any other Banking/Financial Institution. All the platforms of the bank has standardized on UNIX operating system and RDBMS on Oracle. Bank also uses other OS like Microsoft’s windows 2000/ XP which are enabled in the centres. The hardware PNB uses are provided by the ‘Sun Microsystems’ for Web servers at the data centre. PNB branches are also using Compaq, IBM and Xeon servers. DOS machines are also used for the running of some ATM machines. Network design Cisco has linked with PNB to frame the network design and execute a nationwide network strength to connect all its offices across. PNB will adapt an understanding from CISCO to better impelemnt many technologies related with the project. This established network infrastructure gave a way for PNB to normalize the applications and software needed to carry out the banking services and other functions. Implementations of new-world routing and switching technologies connects many branches of PNB to the data centre. ( networkmagazineindia. com/200305/tech4. shtml ) Storage systems Keeping into the mind the RBIs storage requirement guidelines bank has met the Policies and have been made to store transaction data for around 10 years. In certain cases, data is stored permanently. Nearly 164 Sun enterprise class servers are used in DAS architecture. The total capacity is of several TB’s. The Sun hardware uses an in-built storage management tool. Later look over a storage management application from VERITAS. ( networkmagazineindia. com/200305/tech4. shtml ) WAN and connectivity 101 branches of the PNB were on a WAN in the year 2000. The bank then expanded the number to 500-odd branches on the WAN in the year 2002, and in coming next 3 years the WAN had around two thousand branches. The bank worked on many connectivity methods. 02. 11b Wireless connectivity was installed in 5 branches to begin with. PNB then started using the leased lines and used its network/internet connectivity from Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited and Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited. It also used used leased lines form other companies between Mumbai and Delhi. Reliance Infocomms fiber optic became the in locations where the optic fiber was unable to reach. with HCL Com-net carried out all the monitoring operations of the country wide network twenty four hours all seven days. There is a direct live connectivity between HCL and PNBs IT head office. a separate monitoring system is used to remotely monitor banks IT facility. Security Systems PNB could afford no compromise and hence security became very important. The security architecture had to be strong, efficient, properly managed, trustworthy, and scalable to meet up present needs as well as in the future. Cisco was the company which was appointed as the service provider and it succeeded in meeting these strict requirements. The bank uses loads of security softwares and products like IDSs ,Anti-virus programmes/software’s and Firewalls and from Cisco to enable protection and avoid threats from its LANs and WAN. Ramco Systems are the security integrator for PNB. The security integrator is accountable for the complete security infrastructure and is reponsible for any kind of security break-down. ( networkmagazineindia. com/200305/tech4. shtml ) Software Resources PNB is using many software’s for its operational activities for its smooth and efficient running, the Softwares which PNB implements are as follows:- . Microsoft office 2003 2. Operating System’s:- UNIX, Solaris, Windows NT, 2000 Server, XP etc.. 3. Attack Filters: Spyware, Trojan, VoIP etc. 4. Protocols: IP, VLAN, DNS, HTTP, FTP, TCP, TELNET, UTP etc. 5. Databases: MS Access, MS SQL, Oracle, FoxPro. 6. Bank-mate 7. Acrobat Reader Hardware Resources To fulfill the requirement and as per compatibility with the software PNB uses these hardware are used as a support to the software above. They are as follows:- 1. Network Cards. 2. Printer 3. Sun’s hardware for Solaris, 4. Routers, Scanners 5. NT Based servers from IBM, 6. HCL, IBM etc Desktops, etc. Organizations Other Computing Resources Payroll Transaction Processing System Payroll TPS is a distinctive accounting transaction processing system used by PNB. Payroll TPS keeps track of the money paid to employees. Master file cosists of separate pieces of information (such as a name, address, or employee number) called as data elements. Data are keyed into the system, updating the data elements. The elements on the master file are shared in different ways to make reports of interest to management and government agencies and to send pay checks to employees. This helps the Management view employee’s efficiency to work and may declare additional bonus or any other incentive payable. This report is checked, revised and approved by the branch manager, only after which the pay cheque is issued to the employee. Online Assistance PNB provides its customers online assistance by providing i-banking, online complaints, providing them information about various products and services. These complaints and supports are processed by customer care services Executive. Hence there is a need for a proper data base for controlling all the information on the website. Account Opening – MIS is used. In account opening the Management Information System (MIS) is used, every information about the customer is recorded/feeded like their name, address, account, type of account, account information, their sample signature, these helps in Identification of customer instantly and creating a database at faster rate. This includes the filling of KYC and AC forms. SPNS (Shared Payment Network System) Swadhan, the first SPNS launched in Mumbai by IBA. The banks that join on this network could issue the cards to consumers to transact on the networks. RTGS (Real Time Gross Settlement) RTGS System is a payment settlement system that minimizes the credit risk in the established cheque clearing system. RTGS settles the funds on a near real time basis across Banks in various locations. Bank offers this quick electronic fund transfer facility to RTGS enabled bank branches across everywhere throughout the country. Mobile Alert Service The customers now have the facility to enrol for the Mobile Alert Service for receiving alerts on registered mobile phone numbers instantly after there is any transaction of the fundsin the account. CLOUD COMPUTING Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e. g. , networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This cloud model promotes availability and is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models. ( http://servicesoftware. blogspot. com/2009/12/cloud-computing-nist-definition. html ) Advantages ( Cloud Computing )Disadvantages Reduced CostRequires a constant Internet connection. Increased StorageDoesnt work well with low-speed connections. Highly Automated Features might be limited FlexibilityStored data can be lost More Mobility Stored data might not be secure. Allows IT to Shift Focus Recommendations There are various available alternatives for which the banking industry can opt. These are:- Office Accounting Professional 2009 SAP ERP Financials Tally 9: Financial Accounting and Inventory Management Software Flexcube – ‘i-flex solutions’ Hyperion Financial Management System 9 The bank is using information system efficiently and it has increased the customer satisfaction, efficiency, data storage, fast data retrieval. But to improve more and regarding future success of PNB here are the some suggestions. 1. The bank must update Hardware to get maximum performance from Information Systems in order to allow the IS to procure the least amount of system resources it requires for functioning. 2. The bank should update all their software, networks etc to keep information system up to date for competitive edge, customer satisfaction. 3. Steps should be taken to increase the safety amp; to avoid the unethical practices like phishing. 4. Need for improved training for using Information Technology and tools to employees. 5. Intra firm communication should be improved. In context of cloud computing suitability with the working of the bank and its information system, Cloud Computing is highly recommended as business can be connected all over the country investing less in hardware’s and software’s. This can be benefial to control overall banking from a particular place including the routine business transactions and e-banking. It may fasten the working and attract more customers by its services which are quicker than the competitors not using this modern technology. References ( mcst. gov. mv/Downloads/Documents/Samp;T/Part2-03Information_Technology. pdf ) ( mariosalexandrou. com/definition/information-technology. asp) ( networkmagazineindia. com/200305/tech4. shtml) (http://servicesoftware. blogspot. com/2009/12/cloud-computing-nist-definition. html) ( macs. hw. ac. uk/modules/F24SR1/linksis/lec5. htm)

Friday, November 22, 2019

Central Bank Policy Decisions

The banking sector needs to adjust to the changing market in the bank industry and environment just like any other economic sector. The central bank has the powers and obligation of controlling and regulating the activities of the banks and other financial institutions by making policy decisions which the banks should adhere to. There are different emerging issues in the bank industry which needs to be examined in the control of the industry by making policy decisions that affects banks. Some of the issues needs to be addressed include policy decisions on the rate of interest rates, inflation, the monetary policy, regulatory environment which greatly affect the profitability of these banks in the industry. The major part of the revenues of the banks and the central banks come from different bank operations which are affected by the changes in interest rate (Atieno,2006). The central banks make decisions concerning the policy guiding the banks in their industry. Central bank decisions on monetary policy affect the profitability of the banks by improving the investments. The monetary decision by central bank can be accommodative or unbiased. The central banks make decisions on the increase of short term interest rate when inflation is increasing and lowering of the short term interest rate when the economy is lagging. The decisions made follows the following monetary policy tools which includes, federal reserve which entails open market operations the purchase and sale of financial instrument, the use of discount charged on the institutions depositing amounts in the central bank and lastly amount the banks can maintain as reserve with the central bank. These monetary policy tools help in the control of amount of money in supply in the economy.The control of supply of money helps reduce inflation, control interest rate and hence leads to increased profi tability of the banks with effective bank services and reduction of inflation which involves price changes and interest rate which the banks depends on for profitability (De Aghion,2003.) Central banks in collaboration with the Bankers Association in different countries have rolled out policies and regulations that have helped in the operation of the financial institutions. One of the policy decisions they have made include allowing the banks to share information on credit lending. Based on the central bank policy decision on sharing of information, banks are able to share credit information on their customers. This has facilitated better assessment of the risks associated with borrowers of credit. The sharing of credit information allows credit institutions like banks to extend credit to customers through the internet without using physical collateral. It is from the Central Bank’s policy decision of sharing of credit information that has translated to lower cost of credit and helped increase uptake of loans by financial institutions clients. The uptake of credit by the customers has led to the increase in profits brought about by increase in   interest rate charged on the loans given ( Bell,2011). The central bank has the obligation of setting the monetary policy goals. It makes policy decisions that help to improved growth and to promote price stability. Decisions made by the central bank like Mexico in the past have helped restructure their monetary policy objectives like maintaining price to be stable as the main goal of the central bank. Any central bank makes monetary policy decisions on setting of objectives that the price determination process can be attained by curbing inflation levels leading to low inflation targets leading to improved performance leading to profitability. The central bank has also come up with decision which permits banks to use third parties (Agent Banking) to provide financial services on their behalf. Subsequently, central bank has reviewed and made policy guidelines on Agent Banking. The policy allows credit institutions to search for central bank support for the approval of specific agents to conduct the work and define the type of work they will provide. It is the duty of the financial institutions to examine the suitability of the agents in line with the policy decision. This policy decision has helped to straighten the lending of credit to customers and improved bank services which are made efficient leading to profitability of the banks in the industry. Based on the policy and regulatory framework of the central bank, the legal environment is firm to banks and financial institutions. According to the World Bank, most of the central banks in different countries are lagging in the development of  Ã‚   policies and legislations.   Consequently, the central bank has made policy decisions for banks to conduct their operations fairly without any unfair competition in preventing customers from accessing the banks services. Medium and long term interest rates depend on other factors like the expectation of the short term interest rates .The central bank has made different policy decisions to induce changes in the short term interest rates which affects the entire interest rate which increases the cost of credit ,leading to low lending of credit leading to reduced investment and low profitability. The central bank has also made a policy decision which allows financial institution clients to be treated like those of other financial institutions like Sacco’s and microfinance’s in the case of security of the loan and means of recovery of the loan borrowed. The central bank decision through the Act of parliament set the rules on the lending of credit hence leading to control of the activities of the bank. The effective credit management leads to credibility of the bank eventually leading to improved performance leading to profitability of banks. After the recession of 2008, many financial institutions like banks have been affected, as the credibility of the banking system has been compromised. Towards the end of 2015, world’s economy started to recover more strongly and this positive momentum was sustained into the year 2014 where world currencies deteriorated due to high rate of inflation. The different central banks came in rescue with policy decisions that were attributable to increased credit to the private sector and low inflationary pressure. The pro-active central bank policies decisions have also led to developments in the economy. More investors have come into the country to invest and hence improving the economy of the country.The financial sector recorded its highest growth for the last decade growing at 3 per cent in 2013 compared to 5.4 percent in 2017. The growth is due to increase borrowing riding on financial innovation that has enhanced access to financial services and uptake of loans.Most financial i nstitutions like banks are setting short loan settlement periods, high interest rates and short grace periods not only to meet the working costs and protect themselves from (collateral) concerned in lending to customers. The central bank has made decisions that have helped in regulating the amount of money in circulation by ensuring each bank keeps a saving account with the central bank. This will ensure that the operations of the banks in lending capital are controlled (Elbanna,2007). The management of financial institutions should demonstrate their understanding and commitment in making compliance to rules and regulation as one of their strategic objectives and to opt for best practices in MIS (management information system) to improve their profitability. The banks should adhere to the policy decisions made by the central bank.   Atieno, R. (2006).Institutional credit lending policies and the efficiency of resource use among small scale farmers in Kenya. Boulder: Westview Press. Aryeetey, E. &Urdry, C. (2007).The characteristics of informal financial markets in   Sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of African Economies.Vol. 6, No 3 pp.12-34. Bell, C. (2011). Interactions between institutional and informal credit agencies in rural India. World Bank Economic Review, Vol.4, No 3 pp. 234-45.. De Aghion, A. and Morduch, J. (2003) â€Å"Microfinance: Where Do We Stand?† in  Ã‚  Financial Development and Economic Growth: Explaining the Links, ed. by C. Goodhart, Bsingstoke: Macmillan/Palgrave). Denscombe, M. (2009).The Good Research guide: For Small-Scale Research Projects.Philadelphia: U.S.A, Open University Press. Elbanna,   S.   (2007). Influences on strategic decision effectiveness: Development and  Ã‚  test of an integrative model. Strategic Management Journal Vol. 28(4): 431.  

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Wk2 Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wk2 Journal - Assignment Example The company relies on its brand reputation to market its internet services. To meet the needs of different consumers, the company has various subscriptions depending on the type of data connection a customer wants (Lamb, Hair & McDaniel, 2008). With shops in almost all major cities in the US (Place), customers can be sure to get internet connections whenever they want. Additionally, customers can visit the shops during working hours or call the company’s customer care lines for home connections. Verizon Wireless acknowledges that pricing (Price) is a critical factor in marketing and as such, the company provides internet connections at varying rates depending on the needs of consumers and their financial capability. In so doing, the company targets both low income earners and high-income earners. Pricing is also made with consideration of the company’s competitors (Lamb, Hair & McDaniel, 2008). Equally, the company promotes (Promotion) this service through advertising on TV, radio and billboards. This ensures that it remains competitive in the market and that potential customers are reminded, continuously, of the company’s

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Dissertation style research, geothermal piles and carbon accounting Literature review

Dissertation style research, geothermal piles and carbon accounting - Literature review Example In geothermal pipes, the pipes are vertically laid for the construction so that they can be incorporated into the foundations of piles. The structural piles are converted into heat exchangers through the addition of one or more plastic pipes down their length. During the construction of the geothermal pipes, the diameter of the pipe and the length need to be designed in order to resist the applicable structural loads. They are not designed to suit the requirement of the geothermal. When constructing the geothermal piles, first the soil is extracted from the ground. Later the welded and rigid reinforcement cage is inserted (Ghasemi-Fare & Basu, n.d.). Various close-ended loops consisting of polythene plastic and absorber pipes are evenly fixed around the reinforcement cage for the entire depth. The close-ended loops are fabricated with off-site and composed of the heat transfer fluid. The heat transfer fluid consists of the saline solution or water with the antifreeze. The loops are fitted with the manometer and locking valve at the pile cage top. Before the concreting process, the absorber pipes undergo pressurised for integrity test, and in preventing collapse because of the fluid concrete. The pressure is maintained, as it waits for the concrete to harden and reapplied prior to enclosure of the absorber pipes. During the concreting process, the pipes tops are withdrawn to avoid the damage and the tremie pipe is positioned to the pile base. Then concrete is poured into the tremie then raised until the pipe is filled with concrete. After finishing the pile, the absorber pipes are the then connected to heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is connected to the pipe’s secondary circuit in the walls and floors of the building construction. The geothermal heat exchangers is one of the most technological heating, refrigerating, and cooling method any enclosure need to condition. The principle behind the

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Creepy figure Essay Example for Free

Creepy figure Essay Miss Havisham seems a particularly creepy figure as she sits at a dressing table in an old, yellowed wedding gown. The room seems to be frozen in time, and Miss Havisham, dressed as a bride, looks more like a corpse. When Pip sees Miss Havisham, she is still wearing her wedding dress. She was dressed in rich materials satins, and lace, and silks all of white. Her shoes were white. And she had a long white vail, dependant from her hair, and she had bridal flowers in her hair, but her hair was white. Making Miss Havisham wear her wedding dress at first gives us the impression that she maybe is meant to be getting married that day. However we do soon find out that she has been in her dress for years. This shows us that Miss Havisham is depressed. Throughout the next 10 or so chapters, Pip leaves and moves to London with the money from an unknown source. Pip becomes a gentleman living with his friend. In Chapter 27, Joe Gargery comes to visit Pip in London. After Pip reads the letter from Joes new wife, he then says Let me confess exactly with what feelings I looked forward to Joes coming. Not with pleasure This sentence shows us that Pip had grown up and matured also. And even become a snob. Pip now looks down on Joe as he is common and not a gentleman like Pip. These few lines spoken by Pip start to make us feel a bit distant from him as he is now so different, its as if the reader doesnt know this man. When Pip arrives, he greets Joe saying How are you Joe? to which Joe replies Pip, how air you Pip? Joes speech is a garbled attempt at sounding over-eloquent. It could read as if Joe is mimicking Pip, trying to say that he is posh, however, I think that all Joe is trying to do is act more upper class than he is infront of Pip so as not to embarrass him. However, he does. Joe then says Us two being alone now sir- as to which Pip interrupts. By calling Pip Sir, and he seems to use his hat to divert his nervous energy, and its constantly falling on the floor. This passage makes the reader feel uncomfortable for both Pip and Joe as the use of dramatic irony sets in. We know what both the characters are thinking and feeling, yet they do not. In Chapter 48, we read that Pip has to travel back to meet Miss Havisham. She has requested to meet with him. In chapter 49 Pip arrives at Miss Havishams house. On of the first few lines we read are after Miss Havisham say Thank you to Pip and we read that Pip remarked a new expression on her face, as if she were afraid of me. This shows automatically that there has been a role reversal. Earlier Pip had been weak and timid and now it is as if Miss Havisham is the child. The cruelty of her actions seems to have finally hit her, and she breaks down, crying What have I done! and even falls to her knees before Pip and begs his forgiveness. Dickens uses Miss Havisham in this Chapter as if she had seen the light and wants to repent her sins. At first in the book we dont really like her, but now as she repents we grow fond of her and do indeed like her. Pip leaves the room, though returns a few minutes later on some odd presentiment. Just as he walks through the door, the old womans dress catches fire, and Pip wrestles her to the ground to smother the flames. Both of them are burned, Miss Havisham so badly that she is wrapped in gauze and laid out on the bridal table, in a sort of hideous echo of her normal white bridal gear. The doctor warns that there is danger of her going into nervous shock. To conclude. Charles Dickens, one of the great writers of his time, uses many different techniques in Great Expectations to manipulate the readers feelings towards a character, such as repetition, confusion, the use of colours and dramatic irony. He uses his techniques to make us feel sorry for the bad characters yet he controls this so that by the end we do Infact like them, which is why he is know worldwide for his work today.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Philip Augustus :: essays research papers

Philip Augustus, otherwise known as Philip II, was born on August 21, 1165 to Louis VII of France and Adà ¨le of Champagne. He was born in Paris, France. His father had declining health and crowned him King in 1179. Philip Augustus?s reign would be a big time of development of the Medieval Kingdom of France. On April 28, 1180, Philip Augustus married Isabelle of Hainut. His father died on September 18, 1180. A little time before he died, he had his first grandchild, Louis VIII, who was born to Philip Augustus and Isabelle of Hainut on September 5, 1187. Philip Augustus merged France into one kingdom. He seized the territories of Maine, Touraine, Anjou, Brittany, and all of Nomandy from King John of England. He killed King John in the Battle of Bouvines and ended the threats to the expansion of his kingdom. He was now left as the most powerful monarch in all of Europe. Philip Augustus went on the Third Crusade with Richard the Lionhearted and the Roman emperor, Fredrick I Barbarossa. His army left with the others? on July 1, 1190. The armies split at Lyons so Richard could go over sea and he could go over the Alps into Genoa. They reunited and camped for the winter together in Messina. On March 1, 1190, he set sail for the Holy Land and launched several assaults on Acre. Acre finally surrendered on July 12, and Philip left terribly ill. He had no interest in further crusading and returned to France on July 31, 1191. He married again to Ingeborg of Denmark on August 15, 1193. He didn?t like her and asked for a divorce. He refused to crown her as his queen. She refused to divorce him. In the meantime, he married for a third time to Princess Agnà ¨s of Mà ¨ranie. He had two children with her, Marie and Philippe Hurepel. Pope Innocent said this marriage was void because he was still married to Ingeborg. He ordered Philip to part with Agnà ¨s, but he refused.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Are Learners With Besd Supported In Secondary School Education Essay

There are a figure of footings to depict scholars with behavioral troubles. In earlier old ages they were categorised as being maladjusted defined by The Underwood Committee Report on Maladjusted Children in 1995 as â€Å" an persons relation at a peculiar clip to people and fortunes which make up his environment † . This was subsequently succeeded by Emotional Behavioural Difficulties ( EBD ) as referred to in the Particular Educational Needs ; Report of the commission of Enquiry Into the Education of Handicapped Children and Young People ( The Warnock Report ) ; HMSO ( 1978 ) . The Elton Report ( 1989 ) stated a kid had EBD when they showed â€Å" terrible and relentless behavior jobs as a consequence of emotional or neurological perturbation such that their demands can non be met in an ordinary school † , Elton Report ( 1989 p.42 cited in Wood, 1995, p14 ) . Within this statement I already notice the mention of demand for EBD students ‘ to be educated outside of â€Å" ordinary schools † , advancing the demand for exclusion or resettlement to jump supplier of instruction. This definition does non see the complexness of influences that contribute to the behavior itself. SEN codification of pattern This was subsequently replaced by behavioral, emotional & A ; societal troubles ( BESD ) identified in the SEN codification of pattern as: â€Å" Children and immature people who demonstrate characteristics of behavioral and emotional troubles who are withdrawn or isolated, riotous and distressing, overactive and lack concentration ; those with immature societal accomplishments ; and those showing ambitious behaviors originating from other complex particular demands. † ( DfES,2001a: 7:60 cited in Capel, Leask & A ; Turner, 2009 ) . Sometimes the fact that the student has a SEN and the celebrated riotous behavior is the consequence is frequently overlooked. The force per unit areas of the instruction system due to the rigidness of the course of study, demands on raising accomplishment, low staffing ratios and clip restraints, instructors interpret hard behavior as peculiarly nerve-racking due to the sum of clip spent on behavioral issues as opposed to learning and larning as supported by Bennett ( 2006 ) . It is this negation that has raised concern for this peculiar group and their inclusion in the chief model of the instruction system. The Department for Children Schools & A ; Families ( DCSF ) , Statistical First Release ( SFR ) ( 2009 ) reported a rise of 7 % in lasting exclusions from 2001/02 to 2003/04 with lasting exclusions making 8430, which so fell back to 7000 in 2007/08 within province funded secondary schools. The study besides identified that ; â€Å" Students with SEN ( both with and without statements ) are over 8 times more likely to be for good excluded than those students with no SEN. In 2007/08, 33 in every 10,000 students with statements of SEN and 38 in every 10,000 students with SEN without statements were for good excluded from school. This compares with 4 in every 10,000 students with no SEN. The figures show a little lessening in the rate of fixed period exclusions in secondary schools for those students with SEN compared with the old twelvemonth. In 2007/08, the rate of fixed period exclusion for those students with statements was 30.8 per cent ; the rate for those with SEN without statements was 28.9 per cent. This compares to 5.1 per cent for those students with no SEN. † ( DCSF SFR, 2009 ) . I found the most important facet of this study is the bulk of exclusions both lasting and fixed period, where as a consequence of relentless riotous behavior. This contributed to a monolithic 31 % to all lasting exclusions during 2007/08 in province funded secondary schools in the UK ( DCSF SFR, 2009 ) as frequently associated with BESD scholars. This was dual that of the following major subscriber being physical assault on another student. Having looked at these figures it is obvious that the inclusion of BESD students ‘ is still really much a high precedence country, sing the sheer volume of exclusions they represent. As a following measure I need to look into what practises and policies are being put in topographic point to assist cut down this figure.It is evident that BESD clearly stands out from other SEN appellations. Many within the instruction system still remain ill-defined on how to pull off scholars whose SEN on a regular basis seems to necessitate retaliatory actio n, potentially including exclusion. It is unusual to see a school policy that recommended a punitory response for a scholar who demonstrated trouble in reading as a consequence of a known acquisition trouble. If this were so all scholars recognised as holding a SEN with cognitive damage like dyslexia, would be at uninterrupted hazard of exclusion merely because of their SEN. Realistically they would hold their demands met by an individualized programme, including extra resources, larning support, extra clip allowances, ICT handiness and much more. ( Null, 2008 ) .If a student is identified as holding BESD falls quarry to the exclusion punishment, is this a contemplation on the schools inability to pull off and back up that student neglecting to run into the demand of the National Curriculum ‘s Inclusion Policy. Is it still acceptable to state that in some cases exclusion may be the lone option non in the sense of â€Å" acquiring rid † as its negative intension implies, but to put the scholar in an environment that will be better equipped to vouch their entitlement to an instruction. Previously I thought that exclusion was a agency of traveling on scholars to a more suited acquisition environment where they will hold better support. Having experienced the other side of exclusion, I question this move. There is turning concern over the ability of surrogate commissariats to run into the demands of the scholars in mention to the frequence of Sessionss available and the nature of the educational chances on offer ( Gray and Panter, 2000 ) . Should more be done to forestall exclusion, schools reflect the construction and regulations of the society we live in and if we can non learn BESD learners how to get by within the confines of a school, how are they to pull off in society where there is really small support. Exclusion deprives scholars of societal interaction and a high degree of instruction, increasing the opportunities of them going disaffected, taking portion in anti societal behavior and cut downing their part to the state ‘s societal and economic well being ( Gray and Panter, 2000 ) . During an observation at School A, I identified that as portion of the schools ‘ Plan for Success 2010-13 they wanted to raise accomplishment of the least successful groups of pupils. I hope to look into the current tendencies of inclusion of BESD students ‘ and place what patterns are good in advancing their inclusion in mainstream secondary schools and their effectivity in advancing a positive acquisition environment, raising attainment and making good rounded scholars who are able to accomplish societal and economic well being, in conformity with the Every Child Matters Aims.In order to understand what is being done to include scholars I must foremost specify it.Inclusion is the addition of engagement and decrease of exclusion from, the civilizations curricula and communities of local schools. Inclusion is concerned with the larning engagement of all pupils vulnerable to exclusionary force per unit areas, non merely those with SEN. Inclusion is concerned with bettering schools for staff every bit good as for pupils.( Centre for Studies on Inclusion in Education ( CSIE ) , 2000 ) .The current national model is embed with values and rules back uping equalit y, diverseness and inclusion including the right of all scholars to entree a rich course of study, provide chance to belong and accomplish. These rights were set out in the national course of study as a set of rules now known as the `general inclusion statement` . The three chief rules for inclusion are ;The demand for suited acquisition challenges.Reacting to pupils ‘ diverse acquisition demands.Overcome possible barriers to larning and appraisal.These three rules focus to a great extent on what the school and instructors should be making to make a positive acquisition environment for all scholars. For me the most of import issue to see is what extra resources and preparation are provided to assist instructors provide for single acquisition demands. Having read several documents on the effectual direction of BESD students ‘ and sing a school with an internal support unit, I have identified several successful methods that were echoed in several documents in advancing the inclusion of BESD students ‘ . Over the last few old ages at that place has been a steady diminution in exclusions due to the addition in support units with specialized trained staff within mainstream schools in an effort to advance inclusion. School A provided extra support for students ‘ at hazard of exclusion in a support unit within the school. At first I noticed the unit provided an environment that the students ‘ felt safe and able to concentrate on their acquisition. The staff and pupils seemed to hold good relationships with each other. Within the unit it appeared that there were clear outlooks of the students ‘ as incidents arose when effects were implemented which the students ‘ responded to. Research in 1999 by Ofsted identified that students with BESD preferred working with instructors who meant what they said and followed the carnival but house. Additionally the research identified that successful schools believed that hapless behavior is non the mistake of the student but thei r reaction to the people and environing environment as shared by The Underwood Committee Report on Maladjusted Children ( 1955 ) and Ogden ( 2001 cited in Jull, 2008, p.15 ) . Having read these accounts I now know it is of import for schools to see how the school environment can be modified both physically and socially to cut down the presence of triggers taking to behavioral jobs. Examples of such triggers include unjust competition, inappropriate or irrelevant academic demands, bossy instruction manner, inordinate or deficiency of structuring ( Maag, 2004, p.61 ) The category size was little consisting of merely six students ‘ . The aesthetics of the schoolroom were shown marks of debasement and the siting layout did non look optimum. These units provide chance for students ‘ with BESD to hold an individualised timetable supplying extra support where it is needed leting them most of their educational and societal development to develop in a mainstream environment ( Gray and Panter, 2000 ) . The school followed the SEN Code of Practice three phase attack in placing degrees of support for students on the SEN registry. When looking at the Particular Educational Needs Staff Handbook I noted all students ‘ registered as holding BESD where School Action or higher. I was so able to place through the proviso maps in the enchiridion what support the student ‘s would have. During a visit to school A, I observed student A, whose timetable consisted of lessons in the support unit and normal lessons in the afternoon. During the forenoon student A attended forenoon lessons in the support unit alternatively of physical instruction due to a struggle with the instructor which I identified as an ongoing job through treatment but had yet to be resolved. In the afternoon he attended scientific discipline and mathematics. There was a clear contrast in the manner each lesson was delivered. The scientific discipline lesson merely had four students ‘ go toing who were all sat individually at the instructors direction. The lesson was lead in a really autocratic manner. Pupil A was demoing marks of detachment by looking about and shirking with points on his desk. I felt pupil A had non been motivated or challenged academically. In contrast the mathematics lesson was a batch busier. The instructor started with an synergistic starting motor acquiring the whole cat egory engaged. There was good schoolroom direction where some debatable students ‘ had to be relocated and the instructor demanded silence when explicating activities but was rather happy to let pupils to speak while working one time they had finished. The schoolroom was a really positive acquisition ambiance with all students ‘ working and basking themselves. I noted that pupil A was one of the brightest in the category as the instructor supported during treatment at the terminal of the lesson. The instructor had provided plentifulness of chances for student A to reply inquiries during the lesson and provided tonss of positive congratulations. It was interesting for me on contemplation to see where student A had been seated during the lesson and had this had a direct impact on his ability to concentrate. Comparison between the behavior of junior aged kids go toing a unit for students with emotional and behavioral troubles and similar kids in mainstream categories Wood, Michael Henry July-1995The SEN codification of pattern implemented a three phase attack in fiting the demands of students with their SEN. The first phase is School Action where low degree support is provided frequently ensuing in a Individual Education Plan, puting out learning schemes, usage of resources, usage of extra staff and short term marks. Next is School Action Plus which encompasses all the above but so includes audience with external support services provided by the local Authority and outside agencies. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

Saturday, November 9, 2019

5. the Best Way to Spend a Holiday.

1. Intonation. Its functions. Much has been said about the importance of paying due attention to intonation when studying a foreign language. The process of communication cannot be performed without intonation as it has its own functions in a sentence. These functions are: 1. The constitutive 2. The distinctive (1) Intonation forms sentences. Each sentence consists of one or more intonation groups. An intonation group is a word or a group of words characterized by a certain intonation pattern and is generally complete from the point of view of meaning. E. g.You’ll come early | and stay as long as you can | won’t you || Sentences are separated from each other by pauses. The end of a sentence is always recognized by a long pause; the end of a non-final intonation group is usually characterized by a shorter pause. E. g. He’s passed his exam || He is a student now || Like most old people | he was fond of talking about old days || (2) Intonation also serves to disting uish the communicative types of sentences, the actual meaning of a sentence, the speaker’s emotions or attitudes to the contents of the sentence, to the listener or to the topic of conversation. E. g.He’s passed his exam || Low-Fall – a statement of fact High-Rise – a question Low-Rise – a question with surprise High-Fall – an exclamation One and the same sentence pronounced with different intonation can express different emotions. Intonation is also a powerful means of differentiating the functional styles. 2. The components of the intonation 1) Speech melody or the pitch. The sentence possesses definite phonetic features: variations of pitch or speech melody, pauses, sentence stress, rhythm, tempo and timbre. Each feature performs a definite task and all of them work simultaneously.It is generally acknowledged that the pitch of the voice or speech melody, sentence stress and rhythm are the three main components of intonation, whilst pauses , tempo and timbre play a subordinate role in speech. The pitch of the voice does not stay on the same level while the sentence is pronounced. It falls and rises within the interval between its lower and upper limits. Three pitch levels are generally distinguished: high, medium and low. The pitch of the voice rises and falls on the vowels and voiced consonants. These falls and rises form definite patterns typical of English and are called speech melody.Pitch Range is the interval between two pitch levels. It may be normal, wide and narrow. E. g. I didn’t know you’ve been to London. The use of this or that pitch (and range) shows the degree of its semantic importance. As a rule the low pitch level expresses little semantic weight, on the contrary the high pitch level is a sign of importance, stronger degree of feeling. 2) Rhythm Rhythm is a regular recurrence of stressed and unstressed syllables at definite intervals. The characteristic features of English speech rhythm may be summed up as follows: 1.The regularity of the recurrence of stressed and unstressed syllables results in the pronunciation of each rhythmic group in a sense-group in the same period of time irrespective to the number of unstressed syllables in it. Which in its turn influences the length of sounds, especially vowels. 2. The alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables results in the influence of rhythm upon word-stress and sentence-stress. There are as many rhythmical groups in a sense-group as there are stressed syllables. Rhythmic groups can be of two types:  ·enclitics – a rhythmic group in which an unstressed syllable clings to the preceding stressed syllable. proclitics – a rhythmic group in which an unstressed syllable clings to the following stressed syllable. To acquire a good English speech rhythm one should arrange sentences: 1) into intonation groups; 2) into rhythmic groups; 3) link the words beginning with a vowel to preceding words; 4) weaken unstressed words and syllables; 5) make the stressed syllables occur regularly within an intonation group. Sentence stress A separate word when used alone as a sentence is always stressed. In a sentence consisting of more than one word, some of the words are left unstressed.They are the words of small semantic value or those with a purely grammatical function: articles, prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliary, modal and link verbs, personal and reflective pronouns. Words essential to the meaning of the utterance are normally stressed (nouns, adjectives, notional verbs, adverbs, demonstrative and interrogative pronouns). So words that provide most of the information are singled out by means of sentence stress. Sentence stress is a greater prominence with which one or more words are in a sentence are pronounced as compared with the other words according to their informational (semantic) importance.This greater prominence is achieved by: 1. Greater force of exhalation and muscular tensi on. 2. Changing of the pitch level. 3. Pronouncing the stressed syllables longer. 4. Not changing the quality of a vowel in the stressed syllable. The most important piece of information conveyed in the sentence is called its communicative centre. It may be expressed by a single word or a number of words. Usually it is the last word in a sense-group and it carries the terminal tone. The main function of sentence stress is to single out the communicative centre of the sentence, which introduces new information.So it performs a distinctive function and distinguished the speaker’s modal and emotional attitude to the words. Sentence stress may vary in degree. It may be full and partial. Full sentence stress in its turn may be unemphatic and emphatic. 1) Partial sentence stress is indicated by single stress-marks places below the line of print. E. g. I haven’t the slightest idea. 2) Full unemphatic sentence stress is indicated by single stress-marks placed above the line of print. E. g. I haven’t the slightest idea. ) Full emphatic sentence stress is effected by greater force of utterance, greater force of exhalation and lengthening the sounds. Emphatically stresses syllables become more prominent and sound longer than syllables with unemphatic stress. It is indicated by double stress-marks. E. g. Stop talking! Sentence stress can also be subdivided as to its function into syntagmatic stress, syntactic stress and logical stress. Syntagmatic stress presents the most important functional type. Together with the main tones it singles out the semantic centre of the sentence or a sense-group.In sentences where no word is made specially prominent syntagmatic stress is usually realized in the last stressed word. E. g. I am sending you two tickets for the theatre. Syntactic (or normal) stress marks the other semantically important words within the utterance. E. g. I am sending you two tickets for the theatre. Logical stress is connected with the shifti ng of the syntagmatic stress from its normal place on the last stressed word to one of the preceding words. It often expresses something new to the listener and creates a new communicative centre. Specific features of the English sentence stressThough we know that usually notional words are stressed in the sentence and form (functional) words are unstressed it is necessary to point out that any word in a sentence may have logical stress. A word which is made prominent by logical stress may stand at the beginning; at the end or in the middle of a sense-group but it is usually the last stressed word in it. Sentence stress on words following logical stress either disappears or becomes weak. Besides functional words may be stressed in some special cases: I. Auxiliary, modal and link verbs are stressed in the following positions: 1.At the beginning of the sentence in general and alternative questions. E. g. Can you come? Did you meet him? 2. When they stand for a notional verb in short a nswers for general questions. E. g. Yes, I am. Yes I have. 3. In contracted negative forms. E. g. He didn’t do it. 4. to be is stressed when final and preceded by the object which is unstressed. E. g. I want him to be here. 5. Auxiliary verb to do is stressed in emphatic sentences. E. g. I do like it! II. Prepositions are stressed when they consist of two or more syllables and are followed by an unstressed personal pronoun. E. g. The dog ran after him.III. Conjunctions are stressed at the beginning of a sentence when followed by an unstressed word. E. g. When he had gone | she went home too. If he drives | he may be here at any moment. IV. When a personal pronoun is connected by the conjunction ‘and’ with a noun they are both stressed. E. g. My mother and I. V. ‘Have to’ is stressed in the meaning of ‘must’. E. g. He has to go. The general rules for sentence stress are sometimes not observed: a word that should be stressed according to t hese rules may be left unstressed. In most cases it is rhythm that is responsible for the omission of stress.Compounds are influenced in the following way: 1. When preceded by a stressed syllable they are stressed on the second element. E. g They are all first-class. It is too old-fashioned. 2. When used as attributes before nouns stressed on the first syllable, the stress falls on the first element of the compound. E. g. She is a good-looking girl. 3. When two nouns occur together the first being used attributively, the second is not stressed. E. g film-star, telephone-book. But if the second noun is polysyllabic it must be stressed. E. g. picture gallery, detective story.Some words belonging to the notional parts of speech are not stressed in certain cases: 1. When a word is repeated in a sense-group immediately following, the repetition is generally unstressed. E. g. – How many books have you got? – Two books. 2. Word-substitutes like ‘one’ are usually unstressed. E. g. I don’t like this dress. Show me that red one. 3. When the word ‘most’ does not express comparison, but a high degree of quality and is equivalent to ‘very’, ‘extremely’ it is not stressed. E. g. This is a most beautiful picture. 4. The pronoun ‘each’ in ‘each other’ is always unstressed. E. g.They loved each other. 5. The adverb ‘so’ in ‘do so’, ‘think so’ is not stressed. 6. The conjunctions ‘as’ in the constructions of the type ‘as well as’ is not stressed. 7. The word ‘street’ in the names of streets is never stressed. E. g. Oxford street. Differences with the Russian language 1. Good morning! ! Good night! ! 2. She’s as pretty as her mother. ? . 3. He did not say a word. . 4. In English the final stress does not fall on the last element in the word combinations: ‘and so on’, Ã¢â‚¬Ë œand so forth’, ‘in a day or two’ etc. nd so on? . He will come in a day or two. . 5. In English general questions the final stress falls on the adverbials or on direct object following the verb (in Russian on the verb). Do you speak English? - Will you go home? The Intonation Group An intonation group may be a whole sentence or a part of it. In either case it may consist of a single word or a number of words. An intonation group has the following characteristics: 1. It has at least one accented (stressed) word carrying a marked change in pitch (a rise, a fall†¦). 2.It is pronounced at a certain rate and without any pause within it. The pitch-and-stress pattern or the intonation pattern of the intonation group consists of the following elements: 1. the pre-head – unstressed or partially stressed syllables which precede the first full stressed syllable; 2. the head (scale, body) – the intonation pattern extending from the first stress ed syllable up to (but not including) the nuclear syllable; 3. the nucleus – the syllable bearing the nuclear (terminal) tone; 4. the tail – unstressed or partially stressed syllables following the nucleus. He told me he would think of it. _____________________ ______________________ pre-head head nucleus tail There are different types of pre-heads, heads and tails. Types of heads. Head patterns are classified into three groups: descending, ascending and level according to the way it begins from the point of view of pitch movement. Descending heads move down from a medium or a high pitch level to the low one. The first stressed syllable is the highest. In the stepping head the stressed syllables gradually descend in pitch levels, unstressed or partially stressed syllables are pronounced on the same level as the preceding stressed ones.This head conveys the impression of the balanced, active, â€Å"normal† mood of the speaker. I don’t want to go to the cin ema. _________________________ _________________________ The unstressed syllables may gradually descend in pitch too. In this case the head is called a falling head. ________________________ ________________________ A fall in pitch may not be gradual but rather jumpy which is achieved by a considerable lowering of the pitch inside the stressed syllables or by pronouncing unstressed syllables at a much lower level than the preceding stressed ones. Such a head is called the sliding head.It usually reflects an excited state of mind and, sometimes, a highly emotional attitude to the situation. I don’t want to go to the cinema. _________________________ _________________________ Ascending heads are the opposite of the descending heads: their stressed syllables move up by steps with the intervening unstressed ones continuing the rise and in this case it is a rising head. I don’t want to go to the cinema. _________________________ _________________________ If the voice moves up jumpy the head is called climbing. Unstressed syllables glide up too. __________________________ _________________________ In level heads all the syllables are pronounced on the same level (or gradually ascends towards the nucleus) either high or medium or low. So there are three level heads correspondingly. It is shown by the tone mark before the first stressed syllable. [ ] Low head conveys an impression ranging from cool and indifferent to sulky and hostile. Types of pre-head There are two types of pre-head: the low pre-head and the high pre-head. The low pre-head is pronounced at a low pitch and may occur in all unemphatic and many emphatic utterances.Its main semantic function is to mark the comparative unimportance of initial unstressed syllables. The high pre-head is pronounced at a high pitch level. It has a clearly emphatic function. Before a rising tone it usually gives a bright, lively, encouraging character to the utterance. The high pre-head is marked by the tone-str ess mark ( ) placed before the first syllable above the line of print. Types of tails There are two types of tails: the low tail and the rising tail. The low tail goes after the falling tone and is pronounced at a low pitch. Show me. __________ __________The rising tail occurs after the rising tone and gradually rises in pitch producing the very effect of the rising tone whilst the word carrying the syntagmatic stress is pronounced on the lowest level in the sense-group. Really? ________ ________ The notion of â€Å"tone†. Static and kinetic tones. Prominent segments of an utterance are usually associated with a pitch change (or a pitch contrast) combined with increased force of articulation and increased duration. Such a cooperation of different phonetic features is reflected in the notion of the tone – the basic element of English intonation.Tones are divided into two classes: static and kinetic. Static are level tones, their number corresponds to the number of pitch levels. Kinetic tones are classified according to the following criteria: a) the direction of the pitch change; b) the interval of the pitch change; c) the relative position of the pitch change within the speaker’s voice range. Static and kinetic tones differ not only in form but also in function. Static tones give prominence to words. The degree of prominence is proportional to the pitch height of the static tone – the higher the tone, the greater the prominence.Kinetic tones are more significant for the sentence. Kinetic tones perform a number of functions in a sentence: 1. Indicate the communicative type of a sentence. 2. Express the emotional state of the speaker, his attitude towards the subject-matter and the situation. 3. Single out the centre of semantic importance in a sentence. The most common kinetic tones of Modern English are: The Low Fall – the voice falls from a medium to a very low pitch. The Low Rise – the voice rises from a low to a med ium pitch. The High Fall – the voice falls from a high to a very low pitch. The High Rise – the voice rises from a medium to a high pitch.The Fall-Rise – the voice first falls from a fairly high to a rather low pitch and then rises to a medium pitch. The Rise-Fall – the voice first rises from a medium to a high pitch and then falls to a very low pitch. The falling tones carry a sense of completion and finality and are categoric in character. The rising tones carry incompletion and are non-categoric in character. Combinations of nuclei, heads, tails, and pre-heads lead to a great variety of melodic patterns in English intonation. The melodic structure of the language is a simple system of patterns based upon the most important linguistic functions of intonation.Since the most significant component of intonation is speech melody, and the most important word of an utterance is made prominent by one of the special tones typical of the language, it is natural to systematize the melodic patterns according to these special tones. Thus the great variety of possible patterns can be reduced to six Intonation Contours (IC), based on the six main tones used in the nuclei. These tones, when combined with different heads, tails and pre-heads, give rise to a few significative variants of the intonation contour.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Essay Title Everything You Need to Know

Essay Title Everything You Need to Know Essay Title: Everything You Need to Know Some students may think that the mark for a written assignment completely depends on the text itself. This makes them neglect other important aspects of the work, including its heading. That is why choosing a title should also become an important part of your work, as a wrong heading may greatly influence the quality of your essay. You need to make the audience want to go on reading, open the text and find out what will be next. That is why the words you choose are crucial and you need to be very attentive and serious, when working on your essay title.   You will never get a second chance to make the first impression, so it is more than important to stir interest of the reader and cause a ‘wow’ effect instead of ‘how boring it is going to be’! When you choose a proper title for your work, you get a chance to show your writing skills and an ability to engage the audience. It can be important not only for professional writers but also for students, who want to succeed in life not depending on the sphere they choose. What makes a good essay title When you are starting your work on a headline, you should always get familiar with the main rules and tips that make up a great title. If you know all of them and have mastered everything, there will be no problems with creating a catchy and interesting title. A great title should have following features: Everyone likes easy to read papers and their titles, so try to be as simple as possible. Avoid complicated phrases, not typical fonts and a difficult language; This is probably the most obvious feature of an essay title. Nobody likes reading boring titles and prefers something interesting and fresh; Trying to make a headline as intriguing as possible, many students use inaccurate data and not reliable facts. This is a huge mistake and any professor will ask you to redo your title and make it honest and truthful; Straight-to-the-point. Your title should be clear and brief, conveying the main idea to the reader; Use active voice. It is quite a common rule to use an active voice instead of a passive one, not depending whether you are completing an essay or simply writing its heading; Your title should always correspond with the content of your essay. Don’t try to make a headline, which is far from the truth or has nothing to do with your essay. Elements of an essay title Any type of a paper or even its separate parts should have an outline, as it allows to greatly reduce time, spent on the essay and nerves, when you try to understand how it should look like. Essay title is not an exception and consists of three main elements, which may be of a great use: A ‘hook’. Try to invent a catchy phrase or use a thought-provoking idea to stir interest of the audience; Insert key words. Every topic has keywords, which help the reader to understand what your essay is about. Add a key word or two to your heading to help the audience to see, what you are going to discuss; Additional details. Along with the ‘what’ key words, you can add ‘where or when’ keywords, which will make your title more detailed. For example. Gun Control: How the controversial law can influence US society in the 21st century. The hook – Gun Control; Key words- law, society; Additional details – US, 21st century. Tips on creating a perfect essay title We have already discussed the importance of your essay title, key elements and qualities it should possess. It is now a right time to get familiar with the process of creating a headline. However, if you still don’t know where to start or struggle to complete a catchy title, you need to remember that even the best writers find the whole process complicated. It is not enough to possess outstanding writing skills; you should also be able to catch the general idea of the whole essay in a one short sentence. Leave the title for later It seems quite natural to complete your paper step-by-step, from the first page to the last. However, it is more logical to postpone creating a title until you complete the whole essay. Actually, the best writers never start with completing a title and they let the paper appear, keeping in mind a couple of drafts of a future heading. After completing your essay and understanding its weak and strong sides, you will be able to create a catchy and intriguing title to grab interest of the audience. Such method also helps you to save hours, as after completing an essay you will already know how to name it and won’t spend days trying to figure out where to start. You can spend this time on making a research, completing an essay or simply hanging out with friends. Don’t forget about your thesis Thesis statement, as well as your title, aim to prove the reader that your essay is worth his or her time. That is why you should also delay creating a title and use your thesis statement. It can be the main phrase of the whole sentence or simply a couple key words that you find engaging and interesting. Don’t neglect common words and phrases One of the great ways of catching interest of the reader is to use common clichà ©s and popular phrases, when creating a title. They will make your heading sound catchy, fresh and modern. In addition, a controversial topic, complimented with a popular phrase in the title, will definitely grab reader’s interest. The tone of the title matters It is obvious that your title and the paper itself should have a relevant tone. It means that writing on a scientific or any other serious subject, you need to avoid anecdotes, abbreviations and witty words. If it is a more common paper or even a personal essay, you can use a lively manner and even jokes. Nevertheless, remember that the tone of your work should remain neutral and professional. Don’t forget about quotes When it is appropriate, a quote in a title can be a great move and you will surely attract the audience. However, you need to understand that a quote is not always relevant depending on the topic. If you are writing about a book or a movie, a quote of the main character or a phrase that conveys the general idea of the plot, is more than relevant. Convey the main idea of your essay in a few words One of the most popular techniques of creating an essay title is summing your thesis statement and rendering it in three words. Just choose key words then place a colon and continue with describing the idea of your text. Most of the students neglect spending enough time on creating a catchy and interesting headline, although it is as important, as the rest of the assignment. By using Tutoriages simple tools and advice, you will succeed in creating catchy headlines and will save lots of time for other assignments or personal matters.

Monday, November 4, 2019

Written Training Module Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Written Training Module - Assignment Example After that it aims to provide them a small lecture through powerpoint on the importance of time and methods of time management. The students will then apply these concepts in their group activities, and will then be evaluated by the rest of the participants, thereby learning best time utilization practices. Students often complain of too many things demanding attention for their time, with very less time left to relax or rest. This translates into stress and reduced work performance in all areas of life, leading to an overall decrease in the quality of life. This then leads to students feeling bad about themselves, or inadequate to manage things in the appropriate manner. Time management and learning the importance of time are the key elements that distinguish the successful students from the less successful ones. The training aims to highlight some of the key areas in successful time management. Organizing things in life is not only a way to keep one’s room clean but also a need to keep the mind at rest. An organized system around a person allows for clarity of thought and action. It helps the person focus on one thing at a time, and in this way ensure that that particular area of life receives full focus. The topic was decided primarily due to a large proportion of students stating that they do not know how to balance the different elements of their life in an appropriate manner. For this reason, it was thought that a good way to teach time management skills would be to educate them in a non-traditional classroom format. For this reason, the use of powerpoint which would the primary source of instruction was complemented by other aids. The initial test would be a good starting point to gain student attention, and the initial and after the training evaluation of the test by the student himself would allow him to see how and

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Biography of Copernicus Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Biography of Copernicus - Research Paper Example After attaining the age of eighteen, Copernicus was sent for further studies in the University of Bologna (Weatherly 47). His uncle had excellent connections not only in Poland, but also in other foreign countries around Europe. This made it easier for him to secure Copernicus’s place at the prestigious University of Bologna. Astronomy was widely considered as one of the most important subjects of study among priests and clerics. Roman Catholics believed that astronomy would enhance the priests’ abilities to forecast the future. Additionally, it was considered as an essential area of knowledge for interpreting events. This ensured that Copernicus gad to study astronomy. While at the University of Bologna, Copernicus also studied mathematics and advanced sciences. It is during his time in Italy that he questioned some heliocentric principles that had been formulated by other scholars. This formed an excellent basis of his research. He learnt a lot from his professor at the university and also applied this knowledge in his research work after moving back to Poland. His findings and theoretical formulations on the heliocentric model were not published until a few days to his death in 1543 (Andronik 69). While his findings had some flaws, they were immensely crucial towards future studies in astronomy and earth sciences at large. The contributions of Copernicus to astronomy are evident in his heliocentric theory. Within the framework of this theory, Copernicus stipulated that the earth revolves around the sun. This is one of the most significant aspects of astronomy. During the 1400s and 1500s, people believed that the earth was the center of the universe. However, the extensive research work of Copernicus was instrumental towards addressing this misconception. At first, this stipulation was considered as highly controversial. However, additional research and studies by other scientists helped in validating